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Behind bars: A look into life in federal immigration detention in New Mexico

In letters signed by hundreds of detainees, Miami man decries living conditions

The Torrance County Detention Facility in Estancia, pictured in 2022.
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Haymel De la Vega should be getting married.

Instead of planning her wedding, she has spent eight months of her engagement filing habeas corpus petitions and asylum paperwork, hoping to free her fianc茅 from federal immigration detention.

Using WhatsApp and handwritten letters, De la Vega documents her fianc茅 Rogelio Boluf茅 Izquierdo鈥檚 experience, which he described as 鈥減hysical and psychological torture.鈥

Izquierdo, 44, also reached out to the Journal, mailing dozens of pages of handwritten letters over the course of months.

鈥淲hat is happening today 鈥 this system of mass detentions, this institutionalized human trafficking 鈥 will go down in history as one of the most shameful chapters this nation has ever faced,鈥 reads one of Izquierdo鈥檚 handwritten letters.

While being held in the Torrance County Detention Facility in Estancia, Izquierdo organized approximately 200 detainees to join an organization he calls the Union of Those Kidnapped by Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE. The apparent signatures of immigrants from around the world, from Guatemala to Cameroon to Iran, join onto his letters decrying their living conditions and ongoing detainment.

鈥淗e has the personality of a leader and people everywhere call him 鈥榚l comandante,鈥 the commander,鈥 De la Vega said.

Neither ICE nor the U.S. Department of Justice responded to requests for comment on Izquierdo鈥檚 claims, which included poor medical care, spoiled food, insufficient water, demeaning guard behavior and unsanitary conditions.

Assistant U.S. Attorney Allison Shokes, who is named as opposing counsel in a lawsuit Izquierdo filed in federal court in New Mexico, did not respond to multiple calls and voicemail messages.

Izquierdo, originally from Cuba, was detained in August and spent time in 鈥淎lligator Alcatraz,鈥 formally known as the South Florida Detention Facility, before being transferred to New Mexico鈥檚 Torrance County Detention Facility.

Local laws and federal tensions

The illustration translates to: "Civil detention cannot be punitive. ... but here we are prisoners in a high security prison."

While Izquierdo waits behind bars, local, state and federal politicians are fighting over whether the facility itself can operate in New Mexico at all.

In February, the Democratic majority in New Mexico鈥檚 Legislature passed a bill banning counties and municipalities from contracting with ICE in an attempt to shutter the state鈥檚 three migrant detention facilities.

As written, the federal government can bypass the law if it decides to contract with private prison corporations directly. One of the largest for-profit prison operators in the country, CoreCivic, already runs two of the three facilities in New Mexico and ICE has confirmed that it plans to pursue a direct contract.

Despite the new law, Otero County commissioners renewed a contract with ICE in March and continue to operate the facility despite lawsuits from state Attorney General Ra煤l Torrez.

On Thursday, the New Mexico Supreme Court dismissed Torrez鈥檚 petition without explanation, allowing the facility in Otero County to continue operations.

When passing the law, Senate Democrats described it as a moral imperative driven by dire conditions like those Izquierdo described. Immigration attorneys have also frequently documented complaints in the Torrance facility.

However, officials at CoreCivic have said that claims of misconduct at the Torrance facility are 鈥渇alse.鈥

鈥淲e vehemently deny any allegations of detainee mistreatment,鈥 said CoreCivic spokesperson Ryan Gustin. 鈥淚t is important to us to treat those in our care with dignity and respect.鈥

Meanwhile, Bella Bjornstad, an attorney with the New Mexico Immigrant Law Center, said both she and other attorneys at NMILC have reported issues raised by their clients for years and seen very little improvement. Worse still, Bjornstad said, the paper trail created by these complaints is just a glimpse into abuses happening behind prison walls.

An illustration of detainees laying down at the Torrance County Detention Facility. This illustration was included in a packet of dozens of letters mailed by Rogelio Boluf茅 Izquierdo

鈥淚t's only a sampling of the conduct that's happening inside,鈥 Bjornstad said. 鈥淏ecause so much of it is obstructed from public view. And I think it's safe to assume that a lot of people are experiencing the same thing.鈥

Bjornstad鈥檚 clients report that food is often drastically under or overcooked, while some have reported finding bugs or mold in their food. In his letters, Izquierdo describes finding a quarter-sized rock in his meal.

Izquierdo鈥檚 letters also describe insufficient access to drinking water. An entire housing unit will have one water cooler to share among dozens of people, he wrote.

Bjornstad said her clients made near-identical reports.

鈥淐oreCivic staff will bring in one of those big Gatorade coolers, you know the maybe 10-gallon ones, for a whole unit of somewhere between 15 and 40 guys,鈥 Bjornstad said. 鈥淎nd if there isn't someone watching the unit and frequently, frankly, even if there is 鈥 those coolers aren't refilled often enough.鈥

Doctors recommend an adult male drink a little over a gallon of water a day. In a unit of 40 people, a 10-gallon water tank will only be enough for each man to have 4 cups or a quarter of the recommended daily intake.

鈥淲e spend the day very thirsty,鈥 Izquierdo wrote.

Gustin called these claims 鈥渄emonstrably false.鈥

A lack of medical care is also a concern shared by both Izquierdo and Bjornstad.

While in Alligator Alcatraz, Izquierdo said his arm was often chained for more than 24 hours at a time, leading him to lose sensation in his hand that still has not returned months later. After repeated requests, Izquierdo said he鈥檚 received no medical attention at Torrance for what he believes to be worsening nerve damage.

Similarly, detainees Bjornstad has spoken to are afraid of not receiving emergency medical care because they say housing units often go unmonitored and people have no reliable way to call for help. Her clients have also said non-emergent issues are regularly ignored, causing them to worsen and, at times, can result in grave or permanent injuries.

Moreover, sewage leaks are common, Bjornstad said, leading detainees to sleep, eat and live in unsanitary conditions. People are sometimes asked to clean the flooding themselves without cleaning supplies or protective equipment like gloves, she said.

鈥淎s a result, people spend some time walking around and even sleeping in raw sewage, or at the very least dirty water,鈥 Bjornstad said.

The detainees in the illustration are saying, "We do not have a criminal record." This is illustration was included in a packet of dozens of letters mailed by Rogelio Boluf茅 Izquierdo

In one letter, Izquierdo describes a man in his unit slipping on the sewage and hitting his head. He writes that similar accidents have happened multiple times.

Izquierdo wrote that their prolonged detainment itself is the greatest violation of all.

鈥淔undamental rights are being eroded today,鈥 Izquierdo writes. 鈥淭he Fifth Amendment is imprisoned, the First Amendment is mortally wounded and the Constitution itself is in danger.鈥

With his fianc茅e's help, Izquierdo has filed multiple petitions in New Mexico and Florida district courts, known as habeas corpus relief petitions, demanding his release. His suits claim that he is being held indefinitely without bail despite not being accused of any criminal offense.

Because Izquierdo entered the country legally in 2020 and overstayed his visa, he faces a civil immigration offense rather than a criminal one.

鈥淲e are being held in high-security prisons, under punitive conditions, without the right to bail 鈥 a direct contradiction to the fundamental principles of the 近距离内射合集 States Constitution,鈥 Izquierdo writes.

Izquierdo was detained in August after his friend was pulled over for allegedly driving while intoxicated, De la Vega said. As a passenger in the vehicle Izquierdo initially faced drug charges, though De La Vega said they were quickly dismissed. 

Searching both Florida and New Mexico criminal court records revealed no documentation of any drug charges or criminal charges of any kind against Izquierdo.

While De la Vega dreams of the day her fianc茅 can return to Miami and they can continue with their lives, she is also proud of his efforts to organize and advocate for detainees across the country.

His efforts are bigger than himself, she said.

鈥淭his is not only a struggle; this is a call to the conscience of the nation,鈥 Izquierdo wrote. 鈥淲e urgently call upon all citizens to defend democracy, to stand on the side of the Constitution and to refuse to be complicit 鈥 through silence or indifference 鈥 in the suffering of millions of human beings. History will judge. And we will not remain silent.鈥

Gillian Barkhurst is the local government reporter for the Journal. She can be reached at gbarkhurst@abqjournal.com.