IN REVIEW | SANTA FE
What makes us human?
Vladem show about Japanese incarceration offers glimmers of hope and joy
Aisuke Kondo’s 20 oil pastel drawings from 2024 depict biomorphic landscapes in cheery Stuart Davis colors, all viewed through the same window that Kondo’s great-grandfather would have gazed out of 80 years earlier.
Umakichi Asawa’s wooden letter box lid from the 1940s, carved and painted with the image of a modest, comfy dining room, is inscribed, “To Ruth Asawa, Daddy,” with a bright pink hair bow carved beneath his daughter’s name.
A giant sumi ink drawing Gaku Tsutaja made in 2019, titled “Beautiful Sky Golf Course,” uses arrows and dotted lines to depict the humorously erratic paths of golf balls around a convoluted course. Tsutaja’s sketchbook-style drawing recalls the single-panel, dotted-line comics Bill Keane created for his classic comic strip, “The Family Circus,” which showed the 7-year-old character Billy’s dillydallying peregrinations through his suburban neighborhood.
These are three of the most unexpected artworks in “Reclaiming the Future: The Legacy of Japanese American Incarceration,” which opened at the New Mexico Museum of Art Vladem Contemporary on Sept. 5 and runs through May 31, 2027.
These pieces may seem naïvely sweet, wistful or twee. But the meaning deepens, and darkens, with the knowledge that Kondo’s great-grandfather was imprisoned in an internment camp during World War II, and the tantalizing landscape he saw from his window remained forever out of reach during his confinement. Umakichi Asawa made the letter box for his daughter, Ruth, after they were separated and imprisoned in different states. As an adult, Ruth Asawa became one of the most celebrated artists of the 20th century, and in 2002 she created a “Garden of Remembrance” in San Francisco to memorialize the internment of Japanese American students — a project that’s also featured in this show.
Tsutaja’s golf course drawing may be playful, but it’s based on a real golf course first-generation Japanese immigrants built in the prison yard at Fort Missoula in Montana. She faithfully reconstructed the course from a map drawn by one of the inmates. A related installation, “We played golf under a beautiful sky” (2026), consists of scale models of guard towers and barracks glowing in a darkened and disordered room. A racist propaganda poster of a bucktoothed Japanese soldier leans against one wall, while a video projection shows golf balls and clubs morphing into grotesque monsters. If Tsutaja’s golf course drawing represents the inmates’ dream of a normal life, her installation represents the real-life nightmare of racist oppression they endured.
“Reclaiming the Future” examines a shameful episode in modern U.S. history — the incarceration of over 120,000 innocent Japanese Americans during World War II — which high school history textbooks and Hollywood films tend to gloss over, in favor of a whitewashed narrative that historians such as John Bodnar and Elizabeth D. Samet call the “Good War” myth.
The U.S. government formally apologized for the internment camps and paid reparations to the survivors with the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, signed by President Ronald Reagan, which explicitly stated that the wartime imprisonment of Japanese Americans was motivated by “race prejudice” and “war hysteria,” rather than any legitimate military necessity.
Yet, because of the power and persistence of the “Good War” myth, most Americans still have trouble acknowleding what our government acknowledged then, that the internment camps were racist and wrong. According to a 2025 , 37% of Americans currently believe that the incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II was either justified or at least “understandable.” Forty-one percent consider it a shameful episode in U.S. history, while another 21% aren’t sure.
You might think a contemporary art exhibition about the internment camps would focus on the worst human rights violations — the substandard housing, poor medical care, coerced and unsafe labor, physical violence and mental trauma the inmates experienced, and a few works in the show do. TT Takemoto’s multiperspectival video montage, “Warning Shot,” and David Horvitz’s marble-shaped glass sculptures, “Hirota Isomura and Toshiro Kobata,” both memorialize inmates who were shot and killed by guards.
But most works in “Reclaiming the Future,” including Takemoto’s and Horvitz’s, use the distancing strategies of minimalism and conceptual art to address the injustice of the camps at one remove. Guns and guard towers imply violence, of course, but none of the artists in the show confront us with grotesque visual depictions of violence, death or disease. Their works, for the most part, are quiet and soft. This makes it easier to spend time with them, while the museum labels fill us in on the history we’re missing.
We gradually become aware of the intergenerational trauma passed down in families who were interned. Several of the artists in the show were either interned themselves or are the descendants of people who were, and the more we reflect on their stories, the more heart-rending they become. But those emotions sneak up on us — or at least they did for me. I found myself drawn in and wanting to spend time with certain works simply because of their beauty and elegance, only later to recognize the depth of pain they hold.
The three pieces I mentioned at the start of this review were especially powerful, precisely because they looked so sweet and pretty. In fact, someone rushing through the show could easily misinterpret them as cheerful. They’re not cheerful. Rather, they show the lengths human beings will go to maintain their humanity under the most dehumanizing conditions.
Why should people who have been falsely imprisoned, and who are suffering physically and mentally, even bother with such seemingly superfluous activities as painting or golfing? Well, maybe these activities aren’t superfluous after all. Maybe the psychologist Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which suggests that humans can only think about pleasure and beauty once their basic needs have been met, isn’t true.
To relish the beauty of nature, to take satisfaction in making a work of art, or to enjoy the camaraderie and escapism of a good sports game are things that make us feel alive and fulfilled. These Japanese American families may have been stripped of their freedom and deprived of normal comfort, safety and privacy, but they still sought out opportunities to experience pleasure and joy.
The exhibition is called “Reclaiming the Future,” not “Reclaiming the Past,” because the main focus, especially in the “Prospects” section upstairs, is on how we can create a more humane future by learning from the past. The basic socio-political lesson is pretty simple: don’t demonize people.
But will this exhibition turn racist xenophobes into tolerant, kind humanitarians? I doubt it. Maybe it’ll cause a few museum-goers to do some soul-searching — and I hope it does.
But what I took away from this show was something a little more personal. It was the resilience I saw in those incarcerated individuals who refused to relinquish their humanity, as well as the determination of their decendants to remember them as full human beings whose lives and imaginations were much bigger than their identities as mere victims.
Each of Horvitz’s glass marbles represents an individual. For the SITE Santa Fe International last year, he covered a whole floor in them. Because they’re all handmade, they’re all slightly different sizes. Each one sparkles with grains of sand taken from the sites of former internment camps, but the glittering sands also suggest stars. As humans, each of us represents an entire galaxy of thoughts, feelings and experiences. “I am large, I contain multitudes,” as Walt Whitman put it.
If everyone on Earth could recognize that everyone else is equally unique and complex, we would probably treat each other better. But in the meantime, since that’s not the world we live in, we can at least remember our own humanity and not allow anyone else to crush our spirit or kill our joy.
Logan Royce Beitmen is an arts writer for the ϼ. He covers visual art, music, fashion, theater and more. Reach him at lbeitmen@abqjournal.com or on Instagram at .
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