LOCAL COLUMN
OPINION: The day Elephant Butte went dry should be the day NM changed forever
For more than a century, Elephant Butte has been more than a lake. Completed in 1916, it was once the largest man-made reservoir in the world. It became the lifeblood of southern New Mexico, providing irrigation, hydroelectric power, recreation, tourism and economic stability for generations. It’s where my family and thousands of New Mexico families spent their weekends every summer. It symbolized the promise that water could transform a desert into opportunity.
Today, that symbol is disappearing before our eyes. Elephant Butte is hovering at roughly 2% of its conservation capacity. Boat ramps end in sand. Marinas sit stranded. Farmers face uncertainty. Tourism-dependent businesses are struggling, and communities across southern New Mexico are watching one of our state’s greatest assets slowly disappear.
Most people see a water crisis.
New Mexico, I see an opportunity.
For decades we’ve debated drought, blamed climate change, argued over interstate water compacts and commissioned study after study. Yet we continue treating water as a limited resource instead of asking a much bigger question: What if New Mexico could create new water?
The answer may already lie beneath our feet. New Mexico sits atop billions of acre-feet of brackish groundwater — enough to last 1,280 years according to studies. While too salty for drinking or agriculture, it can be purified using modern desalination technology. Israel has transformed its water future through desalination. Texas has expanded from 16 to more than 50 desalination facilities as part of its long-term water strategy. While other states are building tomorrow’s infrastructure, New Mexico continues debating yesterday’s problems.
We don’t have a water shortage. We have an infrastructure shortage.
Imagine four regional brackish groundwater desalination facilities producing approximately 500,000 acre-feet of new water every year. That water changes everything. It protects agriculture. It supports growing communities. It strengthens military installations. It attracts manufacturing, encourages housing and provides long-term security for future generations.
Most importantly, it gives New Mexico greater control over its future rather than relying solely on snowpack, drought cycles or Mother Nature.
But this isn’t simply about producing water.
It is about creating a new industry.
A portion of that new supply should remain here, helping refill reservoirs like Elephant Butte, supporting our farmers, and fueling economic growth. The remaining supply could become one of New Mexico’s newest commodities, marketed to neighboring western states facing similar shortages but lacking our vast brackish groundwater resources. At an estimated wholesale value of roughly $2,500 per acre-foot, those exports could generate approximately $650 million in recurring annual revenue while creating thousands of high-paying engineering, construction, manufacturing, operations and technology jobs.
Think about that for a moment. Instead of watching our greatest reservoir disappear, we could build an entirely new economy around producing one of the West’s most valuable resources — water.
Some will say this is too ambitious. I disagree.
The research has already been done.
For years, New Mexico State University, University of Texas El Paso, the Bureau of Reclamation and the Brackish Groundwater National Desalination Research Facility in Alamogordo have studied desalination technologies, groundwater resources, treatment methods and long-term feasibility.
In 2025, Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham signed the bipartisan Strategic Water Supply Act, creating the Strategic Water Supply Program after support from both Democratic and Republican lawmakers. The state committed an initial $40 million to begin developing new water supplies through brackish groundwater desalination and water reuse. I applaud Lujan Grisham and the Legislature for taking that important first step because it proves New Mexico recognizes both the challenge and the opportunity.
But $40 million cannot be the finish line. The scale of our water crisis demands a much larger statewide infrastructure initiative capable of restoring reservoirs, strengthening agriculture, attracting industry and securing New Mexico’s future.
Eight years ago, during my campaign for governor, I called for New Mexico to begin a serious conversation about large-scale brackish groundwater desalination. Since then, that conversation has stalled. Today, with Elephant Butte nearing historic lows, the question is no longer whether we should study the idea. The question is whether we finally have the courage to build it.
This isn’t a Republican idea. It isn’t a Democratic idea. It is a New Mexico idea.
Water does not recognize political parties. Farmers don’t ask whether irrigation water is conservative or liberal. Businesses don’t relocate based on political slogans. Families simply need water.
Every generation faces a defining challenge.
A century ago, New Mexico answered that challenge by building Elephant Butte Dam, one of the greatest engineering accomplishments of its time. Our generation’s challenge is different.
It is to build the next generation of water infrastructure — one that doesn’t simply store water when it falls from the sky but creates new water every single day.
The next Hoover Dam for New Mexico won’t be another dam.
It will be a desalination economy.
History rarely remembers those who studied great challenges. It remembers those who solved them.
When future generations look back on this moment, I hope they don’t remember Elephant Butte as the reservoir that finally ran dry. I hope they remember it as the day New Mexico finally decided to create its own future.
The science exists. The technology exists. The economic opportunity exists.
What’s missing is leadership and the courage to think bigger.
New Mexico has already taken the first step. Now it’s time to take the bold one.
The time for studying has passed. The time for building has arrived.
Wake up, New Mexico. It’s time we lead.
Jeff Apodaca is the president of Apodaca Strategy Group.