MUSEUMS | SANTA FE
The plow, the pen and the birth of a state
‘1912’ brings New Mexico’s first year of statehood into focus
A new exhibition at the New Mexico History Museum, “1912,” shows what life in New Mexico was like in its first year of statehood. The exhibition opens on Saturday, Sept. 5, and runs for a year.
While most history exhibitions follow a timeline of events that unfold chronologically, “1912” zooms in on a single year.
“It’s a unique situation for us at the museum to really look at a discrete moment in time … and to look at what is happening statewide in 1912,” curator Mark Dodge said.
Dodge had some initial doubts about how exciting a statehood-themed show could be.
“I admit, when I was assigned this project about two years ago, I wasn’t sure what we could do with the subject matter. Seemed to be a little bit of a sleeper,” he said. “But we’ve turned it around. As you scratch the surface of the story, you find things that speak to you, and there was a lot to get really excited about.”
Dodge didn’t want to focus exclusively on politicians or the political machinations of New Mexico’s unusually long, 64-year journey to statehood, which began when Mexico ceded the land to the U.S. after the Mexican-American War and ended when President William Howard Taft proclaimed New Mexico the 47th state on Jan. 6, 1912.
“When you think of statehood, many people just think of politicians — lawmakers, legislators, governors and mayors,” Dodge said. “For this project, I took a broader view. I think everybody at the time played a role in making New Mexico a state,” Dodge said.
Before visitors enter the main gallery, they are presented with two artifacts: a pen and a plow.
“The plow speaks to how we were an agricultural state. So, there were many small subsistence farmers who helped make us a state. But the pen it’s paired with is the statehood pen — a very ornate, gold-nibbed pen from New York. It’s the pen that President Taft used to sign the statehood proclamation,” Dodge said. “So, by pairing them, we’re saying the plow and the pen — farmers and politicians — everyone comes together and has a role to play.
“We can extend that further to say there were educators and teachers who contributed to public education,” Dodge continued. “There were engineers who built Elephant Butte Dam and built all the immense and amazing irrigation infrastructure that made farming possible, and that we still lean upon today. There were engineers bulding the roads, the trade networks. And there were medical professionals, the doctors and nurses, who were supporting the wellness industry. … The state and its residents (formed) a larger community.”
From timber, agriculture and mining industries to sports and wellness centers, the economy of New Mexico in 1912 was diversified and expanding.
“We have a car that’s on loan from the Chino mine down near Silver City. It’s also known as the Santa Rita mine. It’s one of the largest open-pit copper mines in the world today, and it came online in 1910, when they innovated a unique open-pit mining (technique),” Dodge said. “… It speaks to the rich mineral wealth of the state, a lot of which comes from Grant County in the southwest. But that’s an important, huge artifact you can see. It’s a side-dumping ore car that was used there at the mine.”
Dodge said there are around three dozen objects in the show and an almost equal number of photographs, each giving a different window into the social and economic lives of people in the state.
“Probably the smallest object in the exhibition is a little, round pin, about the size of the quarter. It’s from a sanatorium that was designed just for Black New Mexicans. It’s believed to be the first, if not the only, in the nation. … The Africo-Tubercular Sanatorium,” Dodge said.
Life for Black New Mexicans in 1912 could be contradictory. While The Africo-Tubercular Sanatorium in Silver City was segregated, other Black residents achieved success and even fame, competing alongside their white counterparts.
“There’s a really important heavyweight boxing match that occurs in Las Vegas (New Mexico) on July 4, 1912. So, the summer of statehood. It’s between Jack Johnson and Jim Flynn,” Dodge said. “Jack Johnson, I think, is still believed to be one of the greatest heavyweight boxers of all time. He was a Black man, and for several years racial strife was very prevalent in the ϼ States, and he was fighting Jim Flynn, a white heavyweight boxer who came from Colorado. So, we focus on that a little bit. It’s a fascinating story you could do a whole exhibition on.”
Other significant artifacts in the show include the piano used to compose New Mexico’s first state song, the formal wear and top hat worn by the state’s first governor, William C. McDonald, and a 47-star flag.
“There was never an official 47-star flag,” Dodge said. “Officially, we jumped from 46 to 48. So the 47-star flags are somewhat scarce.”
The museum also produced a short film for the show, titled “Voices of 1912,” which combines exerpts from McDonald’s inaugural address and verses from two prominent Hispanic poets of the time, Luis Tafoya and Felipe Maximiliano Chacón.
“The inaugural address that McDonald proclaimed to the new state, off the footsteps of the capitol in Santa Fe on Jan. 15, is amazingly progressive and forward-looking. It kind of gave me chills reading it. I could imagine a politician saying the exact same words today,” Dodge said. “… We combined excerpts from the poets and the political speech into a new work, which is very aspirational.”
Logan Royce Beitmen is an arts writer for the ϼ. He covers visual art, music, fashion, theater and more. Reach him at lbeitmen@abqjournal.com or on Instagram at .
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